Wideband MIMO Beampattern Synthesis using Adaptive Frequency Modulated Waveforms

Abstract

Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) arrays transmit unique waveforms on each of their elements increasing the degrees of freedom available to synthesize novel transmit beampatterns. The wideband MIMO beampattern shape is determined by the structure of the MIMO Cross Spectral Density Matrix (CSDM) whose elements are the cross-spectra between each waveform in the set as a function of frequency. This paper demonstrates a model for synthesizing wideband MIMO beampatterns using Multi-Tone Sinusoidal Frequency Modulated (MTSFM) waveform sets. The MTSFM waveform's instantaneous phase is a finite Fourier series. The Fourier coefficients are modified to synthesize constant modulus and spectrally compact waveforms whose CSDM closely approximates a desired wideband MIMO transmit beampattern. An optimization routine is formulated that synthesizes MTSFM waveform sets that possess the necessary CSDM structure and is demonstrated using an illustrative design example.