Nanoscale Imaging of Strain-Controlled Altermagnetic Domains in {\alpha}-MnTe

Abstract

Altermagnets combine compensated magnetic order with momentum-dependent spin splitting, offering a route to spintronic functionality without the stray fields of conventional ferromagnets. Mechanical strain provides a promising means of controlling their N\'eel order, yet the microscopic pathway by which strain reorganizes an altermagnetic texture remains unresolved. Here, we combine scanning nitrogen-vacancy magnetometry with a piezo-driven uniaxial strain cell to directly image the strain-driven evolution of magnetic domains in bulk {\alpha}-MnTe at room temperature. By applying uniaxial stress along the nearest-neighbor Mn-Mn bond direction, we find that compressive strain reorganizes the magnetic texture through domain coalescence, increasing the size of the largest connected domain while reducing the domain-wall density. On sweeping toward tensile strain direction, however, the domain network follows a distinct trajectory from that observed during the compressive sweep. Instead, the large connected regions fragment into a new metastable configuration, producing pronounced hysteresis in the maximum domain size and stray-field distribution. These results identify domain connectivity and topology as key carriers of strain-induced magnetic memory. Our work reveals domain coalescence and hysteretic fragmentation as the microscopic pathway of strain control in {\alpha}-MnTe and establishes a route toward strain-programmable altermagnetic textures and reconfigurable spintronic devices.